Aliyu Kabir et al. 2024. The Theories and Methodologies of Orientalists in The Study of Islam: A case of William Muir and His Application. AL-HIKMAH: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC STUDIES AND HUMAN SCIENCES. 7, 3 (Sep. 2024), 1–15. DOI:https://doi.org/10.46722/hikmah.v7i3.497.